What is MOTS-c??
MOTS-c (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA-c, CAS 1457483-14-9) is a 16-amino acid mitochondria-derived peptide encoded within the 12S rRNA gene of mitochondrial DNA. Molecular formula C₉₄H₁₄₆N₂₈O₂₄S₂, MW 2174.5 g/mol. MOTS-c translocates to the nucleus in response to metabolic stress, where it activates AMPK, modulates the FOXO pathway, and upregulates GLUT4 glucose transporter expression. It is a key research tool for studying mitochondrial-nuclear retrograde signalling, metabolic flexibility, insulin sensitivity, and cellular longevity pathways.
Research Applications
AMPK Activation
AMPK phosphorylation, glucose uptake (GLUT4 translocation), insulin sensitisation in skeletal muscle
Mitochondrial Retrograde Signalling
Mito → nuclear communication, mtDNA-encoded peptide nuclear translocation, stress response
Metabolic Flexibility
Glucose vs. fatty acid substrate switching, energy expenditure, obesity and T2DM models
Exercise & Aging Research
Exercise-induced MOTS-c release, sarcopenia attenuation, longevity pathway (FOXO) activation
Insulin Resistance
Skeletal muscle IR reversal, adipose tissue glucose handling, hepatic glucose output modulation
Quick Specs
| Form | Lyophilized powder |
| Purity | ≥99% by HPLC — every batch |
| CAS Number | 1457483-14-9 |
| Molecular Formula | C₉₄H₁₄₆N₂₈O₂₄S₂ |
| Molecular Weight | 2174.5 g/mol |
| Peptide Type | Mitochondria-derived peptide (MDP) / AMPK activator |
| Identity | MS molecular weight confirmed — every batch |
| COA | Janoshik-independent, publicly verifiable |
| Manufacture | In-house Fmoc SPPS — Qingdao, China |
| Storage | -20°C sealed | 2–8°C reconstituted (2–4 weeks) |
| Shelf Life | 24 months unopened |
